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(Click for frequent words.) 64 Josephson junction 63 6GHz 63 optical modulators 62 UV wavelengths 62 QCLs 61 Fabry Perot 61 terahertz 61 wavelengths 61 HEMTs 61 terahertz THz 61 resonance frequency 61 optical modulator 61 THz radiation 61 #.#GHz [001] 61 frequencies 61 single photon detectors 61 waveband 61 optical wavelengths 60 #GHz [001] 60 heterodyne 60 SQUIDs 60 terahertz frequencies 60 bandwidths 60 Terahertz radiation 60 shorter wavelengths 60 CMOS transistors 60 PIN diodes 60 demodulate 60 photocurrent 60 photodetector 60 linewidth 60 dipole moment 60 terahertz radiation 60 linearly polarized 60 resonance frequencies 60 absorption spectra 59 bandgap 59 8GHz 59 X ray pulses 59 microwave radiation 59 breakdown voltages 59 microcavity 59 PIN diode 59 tunable filters 59 terahertz waves 59 wavelength tunability 59 PIN photodiode 59 IR wavelengths 59 photoemission 59 Indium Phosphide 59 millimeter wave frequency 59 InAs 59 THz 59 nanomesh 59 characteristic impedance 59 resonant frequencies 58 #Ghz 58 linear amplifiers 58 phototransistors 58 interferometers 58 photon energies 58 nanosecond pulse 58 LiNbO3 58 absorption coefficient 58 InGaAs 58 linewidths 58 VCSELs 58 frequency modulation 58 interferometry 58 magnetoresistance 58 bolometer 58 #GHz [002] 58 single photon detector 58 GaN HEMTs 58 evanescent waves 58 photodetectors 58 THz waves 58 passband 58 ARPES 58 Josephson junctions 58 pulsed lasers 58 polariton 58 resonant cavity 57 polarimetry 57 7GHz 57 Entangled photons 57 Fourier transform 57 quantum dot lasers 57 bipolar transistor 57 wavebands 57 polarimeter 57 #GHz frequency 57 terahertz frequency 57 quantum cascade lasers 57 isotropic 57 UHF frequencies 57 input impedance 57 vertical cavity 57 parasitic capacitances 57 femtosecond pulses 57 photodiode 57 voltages 57 millimeter wavelengths 57 orthogonal frequency division multiplexing 57 photomultiplier tubes 57 microstrip 57 amplitudes 57 mercury cadmium telluride 57 excitonic 57 surface plasmon 57 CMB radiation 57 lightwaves 57 wavelength infrared 57 dispersive 57 submillimeter wavelengths 57 resonators 56 5nm 56 metallic nanostructures 56 collimated 56 multiphoton 56 Interferometric 56 diffract 56 wavelength 56 electroluminescence EL 56 millivolts 56 subcarriers 56 impedances 56 pyrometer 56 visible wavelengths 56 directional antennas 56 indium gallium arsenide InGaAs 56 photon flux 56 transceiver modules 56 corona discharge 56 meV 56 modulated signals 56 logarithmic amplifiers 56 #.#nm [002] 56 interferometric 56 transimpedance amplifiers 56 fs pulses 56 microcavities 56 frequency electromagnetic waves 56 MEMS resonators 56 microwatt 56 excitations 56 EIRP 56 bandgaps 56 capacitive coupling 56 electrical resistivity 56 dipole antenna 56 sidebands 56 electroluminescence 56 micrometer scale 56 DFB lasers 56 photon counting 56 microvolts 56 stripline 56 Phased Array 56 #nm VCSEL [001] 56 electron mobility 56 optically pumped 56 infrared photons 56 semiconductor nanocrystals 56 supercurrent 56 5GHz frequency 56 IR LEDs 56 mosfet 56 radiometers 56 photonic bandgap 56 omni directional antennas 56 millimeter wavelength 56 quantum mechanically 56 gigahertz frequency 56 PWM frequency 56 silicon nanowire 56 photonic crystal 56 emission wavelength 55 ultraviolet wavelength 55 pseudomorphic 55 wavelength lasers 55 +# dBm output 55 thermal gradients 55 semiconducting material 55 erbium 55 submillimeter 55 multiplexer demultiplexer 55 cryogenic temperatures 55 piezoelectric crystals 55 wavelength tunable 55 1MHz 55 ultrasonic transducers 55 Millimeter wave 55 dopant 55 laser excitation 55 polymer modulators 55 ion traps 55 parasitic capacitance 55 Raman lasers 55 omnidirectional antenna 55 photoconductive 55 frequency doubler 55 amplitude modulated 55 nanoantennas 55 scanning electron microscopes 55 bistable 55 linearized 55 ± #.#dB 55 #.#MHz [003] 55 THz frequencies 55 reflectometry 55 #.# MHz [002] 55 2MHz 55 switched capacitor 55 graphene transistor 55 laser pulses 55 thermoelectric cooling 55 transistor HEMT 55 nitride semiconductor 55 5kHz 55 ceramic resonators 55 spectral density 55 bandpass filters 55 synchrotron X ray 55 silicon transistors 55 electron bunches 55 GigaHertz 55 monochromators 55 Terahertz waves 55 analog circuitry 55 Nova NanoSEM 55 local oscillator LO 55 silicon photonic 55 gigabits sec 55 waveguide 55 cm -1 55 magnetic permeability 55 hyperspectral imager 55 circuit MMIC 55 1kHz 55 #.#MHz [007] 55 diffracted 55 picoseconds 55 indium gallium nitride InGaN 55 GHz frequencies 55 photolysis 55 resonant frequency 55 spectroscopic technique 55 quantum metrology 55 optically coupled 55 dielectric layer 55 variable resistor 55 4MHz 55 Bragg grating 55 GaN transistor 55 detect gamma rays 55 multijunction solar cells 55 electron spins 55 superlattice 55 picosecond laser 55 backscattering 55 BPSK 55 microelectromechanical 55 fiber Bragg gratings 55 invisibility cloaking 55 photon absorption 55 quartz oscillators 55 demodulated 54 TOSAs 54 CMOS circuits 54 0 dBm 54 #GHz bandwidth 54 ZnO nanowires 54 wideband 54 microwatts 54 GaP 54 Nd YAG lasers 54 nonlinearities 54 X ray wavelengths 54 millimeter wave frequencies 54 transimpedance amplifier 54 #.#MHz [005] 54 electron volt 54 heterojunctions 54 synthetic aperture 54 photoelectron spectroscopy 54 MWIR 54 photoelectron 54 conductivities 54 #nm #nm [001] 54 silicon waveguides 54 longwave 54 sigma delta ADC 54 superconducting qubits 54 pyrometers 54 scintillator 54 1MHz switching frequency 54 infrared wavelength 54 photomultiplier 54 #.#MHz [001] 54 rubidium vapor 54 RF vector 54 birefringence 54 reflectance spectroscopy 54 spectral bands 54 piezoresistive 54 plasmonic devices 54 photon detector 54 spectrally efficient 54 λ 54 impedance measurements 54 tunable diode laser 54 micromachined 54 Mach Zehnder modulator 54 2dB 54 Mach Zehnder 54 silicon modulators 54 resonator 54 tunable optical 54 subwavelength 54 #G DQPSK 54 bipolar transistors 54 avalanche photodiode 54 electromagnetic flux 54 CMOS silicon 54 oscillation frequency 54 magnetron sputtering 54 lithium niobate 54 opto electrical 54 OFDM modulation 54 lightwave 54 nm spectral 54 millimeter wave MMW 54 MeV 54 photodiode array 54 X ray spectroscopy 54 oscillator frequency 54 VCXO 54 indium phosphide 54 resistor capacitor 54 avalanche photodiodes 54 surface plasmons 54 E pHEMT 54 Force Microscopy 54 thermodynamic equilibrium 54 Lithium Niobate 54 detuning 54 nm wavelength 54 illuminance 54 5μm 54 X rays gamma rays 54 EDFAs 54 InSb 54 submillimetre 54 Nernst 54 infrared wavelengths 54 ultrashort pulses 54 InGaP GaAs HBT 54 femtosecond lasers 54 photonic devices 54 triplexer 54 GaAs PHEMT 54 photon detection 54 MESFET 54 5dB 54 Raman scattering 54 frequency harmonics 54 toroid 54 bilayer graphene 54 supercontinuum 54 EO polymer 54 magnetic excitations 54 circularly polarized 54 erbium doped 54 nanopillars 54 quantum cascade 54 picosecond 54 diplexer 54 HMC#LP#E 54 spectro 54 dielectric constant 54 quantum superposition 54 Mosfets 54 amplitude modulation 54 magnetrons 54 electron diffraction 54 #nm laser [002] 54 modulated laser 54 sigma delta 54 threshold voltages 54 downconverter 54 backscattered 54 omnidirectional antennas 54 magnetostrictive 53 ultraviolet laser 53 voltage divider 53 #.#dB [003] 53 #nm #nm [002] 53 heterostructure 53 fast Fourier transform 53 interferometer 53 RF amplifier 53 nanometric 53 MBd 53 absorption spectroscopy 53 pulsed laser 53 hafnium oxide 53 infrared laser beams 53 lowpass filter 53 silicon waveguide 53 #.#kHz [001] 53 zener diodes 53 6MHz 53 cantilever deflection 53 ferrites 53 valence band 53 aluminum gallium nitride 53 HRTEM 53 tunable 53 temperature gradients 53 -# dB [001] 53 8nm 53 NMR spectra 53 QWIP 53 plasmon 53 modulation schemes 53 strontium titanate 53 thyristor 53 differential impedance 53 #nm wavelength [002] 53 optical waveguides 53 cellular basestations 53 undoped 53 VCSEL 53 correlation spectroscopy 53 QKD 53 multimode optical fiber 53 electrochemical sensors 53 semiconducting nanowires 53 submillimeter wavelength 53 monochromator 53 vertically polarized 53 JFETs 53 photoluminescence 53 circular polarization 53 graphene nanoribbons 53 amplifier modules 53 UV photons 53 ultraviolet lasers 53 magnetisation 53 enthalpy 53 nanofabricated 53 nanoprobe 53 OTDRs 53 Microelectromechanical Systems MEMS 53 excitons 53 #nm #nm [003] 53 Tunable lasers 53 infrared transceivers 53 GaN HEMT 53 AlGaAs 53 geosynchronous satellites 53 electro magnetic spectrum 53 sub picosecond 53 Vdd 53 SAW filter 53 exciton 53 RF amplifiers 53 emitting lasers VCSELs 53 electret 53 duplexers 53 coercivity 53 piezoelectric sensors 53 Power Amplifier PA 53 LDMOS devices 53 emit photon 53 eigenvalues 53 Fiber Bragg Grating 53 metamaterial structures 53 Ultrasonic sensors 53 diffraction pattern 53 frequency synthesizer 53 directional antenna 53 polaritons 53 leakage currents 53 spectrally 53 AWB# 53 NIRCam 53 #GHz frequency band 53 micron diameter 53 JILA scientists 53 NIRSpec 53 Memristors 53 PIN photodiodes 53 CdSe 53 redshifts 53 quantum oscillations 53 dipoles 53 waveguides 53 electrochemical sensor 53 EUT 53 anechoic chambers 53 InP 53 capacitively coupled 53 ε 53 surface plasmon polariton 53 laser irradiation 53 omni directional antenna 53 planar waveguide 53 conductance 53 emittance 53 trans impedance 53 collinear 53 P1dB 53 singlemode fiber 53 laser interferometers 53 microcircuits 53 antineutrino 53 oxide thickness 53 nanolaser 53 serial EEPROMs 53 arbitrary waveform generator 53 pentacene molecule 53 frequency synthesizers 53 photometry 53 modulated RF 53 OFDM orthogonal frequency 53 microcells 53 milliwatt 53 magnetron 53 SAWs 53 polarized electrons 53 femtosecond 53 Coulomb blockade 53 micro machined 53 ZnSe 53 Terahertz 53 kT 53 optical amplifiers 53 dielectric materials 53 infrared spectrometers 53 inductive loads 53 X ray absorption spectroscopy 53 diffraction limit 53 DQPSK 53 magnetically coupled 53 dI dV 53 focused ion beam 53 antimonide 53 non dispersive infrared 53 keV 53 pulsed laser beam 53 SAXS 53 chromatic dispersion 53 dopants 53 spatial resolution 53 monolithic microwave integrated 53 singlemode 53 cuprate 53 helium ions 53 fluorophores 53 arbitrary waveform generators 53 5MHz 53 basestations 53 waveforms 53 capacitive sensors 53 DUTs 53 instrumentation amplifiers 53 electron tunneling 53 clamping voltages 53 frequency VLF 52 electron neutrinos 52 sideband 52 nanodot 52 frequency comb 52 resistive capacitive 52 ratiometric 52 spectra 52 Fourier transforms 52 detector arrays 52 sensor actuator 52 transceiver chipset 52 UHF VHF 52 photons 52 electron doped 52 antenna arrays 52 Ge substrates 52 inductance 52 cm ² 52 multilayers 52 Silicon Germanium 52 micron wavelength 52 SiC substrates 52 gigahertz frequencies 52 microchannel plate 52 GaAs ICs 52 gravitational redshift 52 nanowatts 52 linear polarization 52 mT 52 Near Infrared NIR 52 UV VIS 52 intermodulation 52 electron density 52 photosensor 52 atomic lattice 52 paramagnetic 52 NWs 52 energetic electrons 52 varactors 52 GaAs pHEMT 52 optical fibers 52 Mott insulator 52 Erbium 52 photonic crystal fibers 52 PZT 52 synchrotron emission 52 cm -2 52 chemiluminescence 52 amperometric 52 piezoelectric materials 52 qubit quantum 52 ultrahigh resolution 52 Plasmonic 52 diffraction 52 observables 52 micrometres 52 frequency modulated 52 #dB attenuation 52 deformable mirror 52 #GBASE LR 52 OSNR 52 Carbon nanotube 52 8MHz 52 pulse widths 52 m 52 RGB LEDs 52 absorbance 52 #GHz #GHz 52 cesium atoms 52 #MHz frequency [001] 52 micromotor 52 arbitrary waveforms 52 microbolometer 52 1Hz 52 ellipsometry 52 scanning electron 52 wavelength division multiplexing 52 silicon germanium SiGe 52 tokamaks 52 inhomogeneities 52 temperature coefficient 52 optical wavelength 52 sodium atoms 52 MOS transistors 52 #.#mA [002] 52 nm VCSEL 52 DS DBR 52 1kV 52 polyphase 52 gigahertz GHz 52 spectrometers 52 ultrafast lasers 52 electron beams 52 millivolt 52 superpositions 52 voltage outputs 52 transistors HEMTs 52 collimators 52 HEMT 52 superlattices 52 2MHz switching frequency 52 x ray beams 52 Fourier transform infrared FTIR 52 3nm 52 MOS transistor 52 emission spectra 52 Dirac fermions 52 spectral radiance 52 5V supply 52 beamsplitters 52 Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting 52 soliton 52 graphene layers 52 barium titanate 52 modulation formats 52 transmissivity 52 electromagnetic spectrum 52 directional couplers 52 antineutrinos 52 terahertz quantum cascade 52 beamformer 52 transistor amplifier 52 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 52 Brillouin 52 transconductance 52 manganite 52 geometries shrink 52 emits photons 52 relativistic particles 52 SiO 2 52 μW 52 test DUT 52 terahertz rays 52 ionospheric 52 laser optics 52 Sitrans LR# 52 optical multiplexer 52 optical lattices 52 μm diameter 52 electromagnetic EM 52 Silicon carbide 52 hertz Hz 52 OP# [003] 52 GaAs FET 52 Michelson interferometer 52 nanomechanical 52 LWIR 52 acousto optic 52 optical isolators 52 #.#μ 52 submillimetre wavelengths 52 T#/E# circuits 52 crystal oscillator 52 Laser diodes 52 spectrum analyzers 52 Pulsed 52 2kHz 52 signal analyzers 52 #dBm [001] 52 excitation wavelengths 52 superlens 52 spatial multiplexing 52 superconducting qubit 52 ultrafast pulses 52 #.#mA [003] 52 quasiparticles 52 electronic excitations 52 spectroscopic techniques 52 5Ghz 52 lanthanum aluminate 52 #nm wavelength [001] 52 PEDOT nanotubes 52 magnetically levitated trains 52 toroidal 52 -# dBc [001] 52 frequency transducers 52 ELTs 52 plasmonic 52 LTR# 52 UHF antennas 52 neutron radiation 52 dielectric layers 52 QAM quadrature amplitude modulation 52 #dBm [002] 52 elastic modulus 52 multilayer ceramic 52 spectrographs 52 diplexers 52 active ORing 52 demodulating 51 electromagnetic frequencies 51 infrared ultraviolet 51 LVPECL 51 emitting lasers 51 Raman amplification 51 #nm wavelengths 51 Z Foil 51 copper oxide superconductors 51 MEMS gyroscope 51 cryogenically cooled 51 velocity dispersion 51 AGNs 51 JFET 51 Tx Rx 51 DC convertors 51 LTE baseband 51 attoseconds 51 sinewave 51 rms noise 51 galvo 51 superposed 51 quadrature modulators 51 laser pulse 51 optical microscopes 51 sub millimeter wavelengths 51 phonons 51 domain reflectometry 51 nonlinear optical 51 Lorentzian 51 electromagnetic waves 51 emitting laser VCSEL 51 beamwidth 51 Strain Gauge 51 intermodulation distortion 51 phototransistor 51 silicon oxynitride 51 directly modulated lasers 51 piezo actuators 51 toroids 51 #mm# [002] 51 electrolytic capacitor 51 Rydberg atom 51 magnetization 51 Ytterbium 51 analog bandwidths 51 Yb 51 dielectrics 51 lase 51 bolometers 51 diffraction patterns 51 nanodevice 51 SMT LEDs 51 F1 ATPase 51 stimulated emission 51 microcantilevers 51 gallium arsenide 51 #MHz #MHz [002] 51 microvolt 51 NMR spectrometer 51 Electro Magnetic Interference EMI 51 pulsed IV 51 nonthermal 51 darkfield 51 -# dBm [001] 51 millimeter wave 51 superconducting cables 51 VCOs 51 #Ω [001] 51 GMSK 51 chiral molecules 51 beam splitters 51 solitons 51 resonant tunneling 51 inertial sensor 51 ultraviolet wavelengths 51 circular polarized 51 mount inductors 51 frequency RF 51 dBm 51 datarates 51 #.#mm# [002] 51 FBGs 51 multiwavelength 51 1mA 51 fluorescence detector 51 microlenses 51 spectroscopic measurements 51 tunable DWDM 51 frequency PWM 51 chalcogenide glass 51 molecular orbitals 51 radiofrequency waves 51 Fig. 1a 51 oscillators filters 51 vibrational modes 51 entangled photons 51 indium gallium phosphide InGaP 51 desorbed 51 photon fluorescence 51 #mW [001] 51 infrared spectral 51 reconfigurable logic 51 germanium substrates 51 tunable transmitter 51 bosonic 51 #.#μF 51 coupling capacitors 51 #um [002] 51 CPU emulation 51 narrow linewidth 51 Time Domain Reflectometer 51 magnitude EVM 51 1μm 51 optical microscopy 51 Gallium Nitride GaN 51 nanoelectromechanical 51 spectral fingerprint 51 Bessel beam 51 SAW oscillators 51 #MHz frequency [002] 51 circular dichroism 51 LVDS output 51 FlexPhase 51 piezoelectric transducer 51 optical 51 rfid reader 51 gamma ray photons 51 DFT calculations 51 aluminum nitride 51 #.#-#.# GHz frequency 51 shunt resistors 51 FAIMS 51 frequency transmitters 51 bistability 51 Phased array 51 amplifiers EDFAs 51 μV 51 #.#-#.# GHz [005] 51 mosfets 51 bending radii 51 thermal conductivity 51 QKD systems 51 photometer 51 sideband suppression 51 piezoelectric crystal 51 EDXRF 51 synchrotron x ray 51 intrinsic brightness 51 #.#uF 51 VLTI 51 PLL synthesizer 51 photoionization 51 near infrared NIR 51 nanometers nm 51 ferrite core 51 silicone encapsulation 51 palladium Pd 51 ultrawide band 51 neutron flux 51 pn junction 51 GaN transistors 51 fainter objects 51 specular reflectance 51 Focused Ion Beam 51 propagation characteristics 51 transmits signals 51 blackbody 51 Optical Modulator 51 DPSK 51 nonlinearity 51 capacitances 51 9xx nm 51 microstructured 51 Mosfet 51 superconducting quantum interference 51 HTS wires 51 photons emitted 51 PHEMT 51 PWM signal 51 repeatable measurements 51 directivity 51 electromagnetic radiations 51 leadless packages 51 electrical conductance 51 GaAs FETs 51 erbium doped fiber 51 xenon lamp 51 galvanometer 51 highly collimated 51 SSB CW 51 microwave photon 51 #Ω [002] 51 -# Celsius [001] 51 PbS 51 silicon monoxide 51 photoelectrochemical 51 sinusoidal 51 weld seams 51 Agilent U#A 51 photocells 51 microelectronic devices 51 MQW 51 wirewound 51 micromirror 51 pMOS 51 micrometer sized 51 mechanical resonator 51 #.#Hz 51 absorbs ultraviolet 51 output capacitors 51 InGaP 51 chirped pulse 51 quantum particle 51 lasing wavelength 51 CMOS fabrication 51 photodiodes 51 impedance input 51 Passive tags 51 Fig. 2A 51 #nm laser [001] 51 multiphoton imaging 51 dielectric 51 polarization multiplexed 51 photomultiplier tube 51 nonconducting 51 noise ratio SNR 51 superlenses 51 #.#mm# [001] 51 #-Gbit/sec 51 refractive indices 51 nano electromechanical systems 51 photonic crystal fiber 51 quasiparticle 51 E UTRA 51 sensor node 51 infrared radiation 51 relativistic protons 51 thermal conductivities