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(Click for frequent words.) 73 Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer 68 Mars CRISM 68 HiRISE 63 phyllosilicates 63 Cassini radar 63 THEMIS 63 Orbiter LRO 63 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter 63 Nasa Mars Reconnaissance 63 imaging spectrometer 62 VIRTIS 62 HiRISE camera 61 Context Camera 61 Mars Orbiter Camera 61 Mars Color Imager 60 APXS 60 MARSIS 60 NASA Mars Reconnaissance 60 ChemCam 60 microscopic imager 60 spectrographic 60 Bethany Ehlmann 60 Orbiter MRO 60 composite infrared spectrometer 60 laser altimeter 60 NASA Wilkinson Microwave 60 Imaging Spectrometer 60 Landsat satellite 60 OMEGA instrument 59 gamma ray spectrometer 59 DISR 59 HiRISE images 59 NEOWISE 59 Mars Climate Sounder 59 spectroscopic 59 AKARI 59 ESA Envisat satellite 59 Convection Rotation 58 phyllosilicate 58 EPOCh 58 Cassini 58 HRSC 58 NASA Lunar Reconnaissance 58 infrared spectrometers 58 ESO VLT 58 NASA Cassini 58 multispectral 58 situ measurements 58 Hubble observations 58 Cloud Aerosol Lidar 58 Rosetta orbiter 58 Mini SAR 58 Kepler Mission 58 MESSENGER 58 infrared spectrometer 58 GALEX 58 Mars Orbiter 58 ESA Mars 58 COROT 58 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera 58 SDSS II 58 XMM Newton 58 Viking Lander 58 Composite Infrared Spectrometer 58 Thermal Emission Spectrometer 58 Spectrometer 58 radio occultation 58 NASA Cosmic Background 58 X ray spectrometer 57 UVOT 57 Alfred McEwen 57 Climate Experiment GRACE 57 Shallow Radar 57 scanning electron microscope 57 Pancam 57 Explorer WISE 57 Resolution Imaging 57 HiRISE image 57 mineralogical composition 57 Infrared Pathfinder Satellite 57 Alpha Particle 57 infrared mapping spectrometer 57 spectrographs 57 Planetary Science Institute 57 Microscopic Imager 57 Cassini ultraviolet 57 Infrared Array Camera 57 Science Experiment HiRISE 57 CoRoT satellite 57 Moderate Resolution Imaging 56 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter LRO 56 Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter MRO 56 Huygens mission 56 spatially resolved 56 hyperspectral 56 Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 56 extrasolar planet 56 Resolution Stereo Camera 56 NASA WMAP 56 spectrometer 56 NanoSIMS 56 hyperspectral imager 56 WMAP satellite 56 polarimetric 56 High Resolution Imaging 56 noctilucent clouds 56 lunar topography 56 DIXI 56 NASA Goddard 56 exoplanetary 56 NASA Cassini spacecraft 56 Magnetic Imager HMI 56 Near Infrared Camera 56 Landsat satellites 56 Thermal Emission 56 fainter objects 56 Planck telescope 56 martian surface 55 ESA XMM Newton 55 Planck satellite 55 Japan NAOJ 55 Anisotropy Probe 55 spectroscopic analysis 55 Descent Imager Spectral Radiometer 55 Synthetic Aperture Radar SAR 55 Moon Mineralogy Mapper 55 Galaxy Evolution 55 Planetary Laboratory 55 planetary geologist 55 Heterodyne Instrument 55 Martian arctic 55 Martian surface 55 ESA Envisat 55 Mossbauer 55 Multi Object Spectrometer 55 Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter 55 Diviner 55 panoramic camera 55 Mars Global Surveyor 55 HUDF 55 THEMIS satellites 55 WFC3 55 CALIPSO 55 Planetary Fourier Spectrometer PFS 55 LORRI 55 spectroscopic observations 55 optical microscope 55 penetrating radar 55 Candor Chasma 55 Extrasolar Planet Observation 55 infrared interferometry 55 Raman spectrometer 55 HiRISE camera aboard 55 Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer 54 EPOXI mission 54 Mercury flyby 54 Cassini ion 54 ESO Paranal Observatory 54 ESA Integral 54 neutral mass spectrometer 54 planetary geology 54 Arabia Terra 54 Area Telescope LAT 54 NASA Interstellar Boundary 54 Remote sensing 54 UAVSAR 54 ESO PR 54 Microscopy Electrochemistry 54 Synthetic Aperture Radar 54 rover panoramic 54 AMIE camera 54 Telescope BAT 54 extrasolar 54 Keck Interferometer 54 Shuttle Radar Topography 54 Martin Tomasko 54 Meridiani 54 HARPS spectrograph attached 54 Moon Mineralogy Mapper M3 54 Kounaves 54 Cosmic Evolution 54 Mössbauer 54 ESO Very Large Telescope 54 WISE infrared 54 ESA Planck 54 radar altimetry 54 Deep Impact eXtended Investigation 54 spectroscopically 54 Normalized Difference Vegetation 54 Shallow Radar instrument 54 UVIS 54 NASA rovers 54 gradiometer 54 Jonathan Lunine 54 Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle 54 EPOXI 54 MG J# +# 54 F#W 54 Keck Telescope 54 moon Charon 54 Anisotropy Probe WMAP 54 MODIS 54 Observatory SDO 54 Mini TES 54 Syrtis Major 54 NASA Far Ultraviolet 54 spectrometers 54 Lunar Laser Ranging 54 Advanced Microwave Scanning 54 solar corona 54 Ocean Salinity SMOS 54 Mastcam 54 spectroscopic measurements 54 SHARAD 54 LROC 54 Total Ozone Mapping 54 Phoenix Microscopy Electrochemistry 54 DEIMOS 54 Fermi telescope 54 airglow 54 hydrated minerals 53 mineralogy 53 MARSIS radar 53 infrared spectra 53 Mission SRTM 53 Antarctic Dry Valleys 53 Neutral Mass Spectrometer 53 neutron spectrometer 53 KamLAND 53 Spectrograph 53 Saturnian moon Titan 53 interferometric 53 Terra Meridiani 53 Mössbauer spectrometer 53 Herschel telescope 53 Thiemens 53 Saturn Cassini 53 NASA STEREO 53 hyper spectral 53 Michael Studinger 53 Fermi LAT 53 Advanced Synthetic Aperture 53 Astrobiology Institute 53 ion microprobe 53 Moessbauer spectrometer 53 Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer 53 Gusev crater 53 paleomagnetic 53 Cassini Ion 53 Ground penetrating radar 53 orbiting Mars 53 Landsat imagery 53 LRO spacecraft 53 MERIS 53 Earthlike planets 53 Solar Optical Telescope 53 polarimetry 53 orbiting gamma ray 53 Mossbauer spectrometer 53 telescopic observations 53 NICMOS 53 asteroid Eros 53 O OREOS 53 planetary Transits 53 NASA THEMIS 53 moon permanently shadowed 53 John Grotzinger 53 hematite mineral 53 orbiting spacecraft 53 Mars orbiting spacecraft 53 ray Space Telescope 53 Cassini imaging 53 Cassini flyby 53 Foing 53 Reflection Radiometer 53 SMOS 53 transmission electron microscopy 53 Galilean satellites 53 Planetary Transits 53 infrared spectral 53 Diviner instrument 53 Martian meteorites 53 Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave 53 astronomical objects 53 Spacewatch 53 Miniature Thermal Emission 53 asteroid Vesta 53 FORCAST 53 CIRS 53 OSIRIS 53 Saturn moon 53 remote sensing 53 adaptive optics 53 Jupiter moon Io 53 Envisat Medium Resolution 53 distant quasars 53 Cassini Huygens 53 Helioseismic 53 Aqua satellite 53 NOAO 53 X ray telescopes 53 spectral fingerprints 53 cryo EM 53 Keck Observatory 53 Great Observatories 53 Submillimeter Array 53 Soil Moisture 52 microprobe 52 Infrared Mapping Spectrometer 52 cometary nucleus 52 multibeam 52 lunar crust 52 Adaptive optics 52 Fermi Gamma ray 52 lunar meteorites 52 radiometer 52 Cometary 52 Multispectral 52 magnetic radiometric 52 bathymetry 52 thermal emission spectrometer 52 atmospheric oceanic 52 Aram Chaos 52 X ray absorption spectroscopy 52 Very Large Telescope 52 VIMOS 52 ammonia hydrates 52 optical telescopes 52 synthetic aperture radar 52 multibeam sonar 52 SNfactory 52 Adaptive Optics 52 gamma ray observatory 52 exoplanet 52 laser altimetry 52 Miniature Synthetic Aperture Radar 52 WMAP 52 infrared telescopes 52 Galileo spacecraft 52 Gemini Observatory 52 planetary science 52 millimeter wavelengths 52 Robotic Arm Camera 52 NASA Solar Terrestrial 52 scanning electron microscopy 52 AERONET 52 Envisat satellite 52 Hubble Space Telescope HST 52 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter 52 Heliophysics 52 Rosetta lander 52 Neutron Detector 52 microwave remote sensing 52 Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment 52 aboard ESA Envisat 52 NASA EPOXI mission 52 NASA Landsat 52 Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory 52 WM Keck Observatory 52 stellar occultation 52 martian meteorites 52 Aerial photography 52 spacecraft orbiting 52 Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter 52 Titan Saturn 52 visit http:/saturn.jpl.nasa.gov 52 Henry Bortman 52 ESA ERS 52 NASA MESSENGER 52 Viking landers 52 Global Surveyor spacecraft 52 MARDI 52 Martian polar 52 Nasa Kepler 52 SPICAM 52 NASA Moon Mineralogy 52 photometer 52 LCROSS mission 52 SeaWiFS 52 submillimeter wavelength 52 Neukum 52 Multi Object Spectrograph 52 extrasolar planetary systems 52 photoelectron spectroscopy 52 OSIRIS REx 52 CSIRO Wealth 52 Rosetta spacecraft 52 Deep Field HUDF 52 Cassini spacecraft 52 Hubble Ultra 52 CU Boulder LASP 52 SDSS III 52 fluorescence spectroscopy 52 NASA Kepler 51 Wilkinson Microwave Probe 51 mineralogical 51 INTEGRAL 51 Hap McSween 51 x ray diffraction 51 INMS 51 Spitzer Space Telescope 51 subsurface 51 STScI 51 Thermal Emission Imaging 51 DEEP2 51 Huygens 51 AATSR 51 extrasolar planets 51 subsurface ocean 51 X ray Spectrometer 51 orbiting observatories 51 NASA Stardust spacecraft 51 Ohmoto 51 Optical Microscope 51 geophysics prospecting 51 exoplanet atmospheres 51 Field Imager 51 lunar craters 51 KBOs 51 ROSAT 51 electron diffraction 51 SOHO spacecraft 51 Astrophysical Research 51 Deep Impact Extended 51 Observatoire de Paris 51 stromatolite 51 David Wettergreen 51 Cosmic Background Explorer 51 UVIS instrument 51 basaltic rocks 51 confocal laser scanning 51 Evolution Explorer 51 telescopic camera 51 Hubble Near Infrared 51 ESA Herschel 51 microlensing events 51 ejecta curtain created 51 Valles Marineris 51 http:/saturn.jpl.nasa.gov 51 Chandra Observatory 51 comet Wild 51 gamma ray detector 51 TerraSAR X 51 sulfur isotope 51 Conductivity Analyzer 51 mineralogical mapping 51 Applied Physics Laboratory 51 CloudSat 51 spectral fingerprint 51 Relations Observatory STEREO 51 infrared telescope 51 Radiometric 51 nebular 51 remotely sensed 51 icy moons 51 Kuiper belt objects 51 THEMIS Image 51 perchlorate salts 51 Martian rocks 51 pointings 51 Interior Laboratory GRAIL 51 Spectrometers 51 Martian soil 51 Raman spectroscopy 51 astrometric 51 magnetometry 51 infrared wavelength 51 geochemists 51 Nasa spacecraft 51 Conductivity Analyzer MECA 51 C1XS 51 Faint Object 51 Explorer IBEX 51 infrared wavelengths 51 airborne LiDAR 51 GLAST Burst Monitor 51 Anthony Remijan 51 ICESCAPE 51 Rychard Bouwens 51 InSAR 51 Di Achille 51 petrological 51 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar 51 altimetry 51 astronomical telescope 51 aeromagnetics 51 resolution panchromatic 51 NASA Fermi Gamma 51 Ken Herkenhoff 51 Moessbauer 51 optical coherence tomography OCT 51 WISE spacecraft 51 celestial objects 51 Ikonos 51 WISE telescope 51 Planck spacecraft 51 NIRCam 51 http:/www.nasa.gov/cassini 51 SCIAMACHY 51 X ray telescope 51 SRTM 51 NuSTAR 51 Lunar Orbiter 51 Martian landscape 51 Comet Hartley 51 Meteoritics 51 spectrometric 51 ESO telescopes 51 VLTI 51 multispectral imager 51 UKIRT 51 multispectral imagery 51 microlensing 51 distant supernovae 51 Fomalhaut b 51 Radar ASAR 51 magnetic susceptibility 51 Observatory LDEO 50 heavily cratered 50 SINFONI 50 sulfate salts 50 geomorphology 50 Mars Odyssey spacecraft 50 Solar Orbiter 50 astrophysical objects 50 LADEE 50 ESA SMART 50 MESSENGER spacecraft 50 NASA MODIS 50 Cryo EM 50 Imaging Spectroradiometer 50 ultraviolet spectrometer 50 Ontario Lacus 50 cosmic microwave background 50 ICESat 50 Ellen Stofan 50 Interstellar Boundary Explorer 50 Titan flybys 50 Triangulum Galaxy 50 NASA ICESat 50 AMASE 50 SPIRE instrument 50 multi spectral 50 NASAs 50 La Silla Observatory 50 Planetary Camera 2 50 Mauna Kea Hawaii 50 lunar equator 50 bathymetric 50 Jet Propulsion Laboratory JPL 50 fluid inclusions 50 Credits ESA 50 lobate scarps 50 airborne geophysical 50 Comet Halley 50 Saturnian moon 50 Ulysses spacecraft 50 scanning electron microscope SEM 50 Philae lander 50 Larry Soderblom 50 Kepler Space Telescope 50 Stadermann 50 lander robotic arm 50 spectrometry 50 infrared astronomy 50 Arsia Mons 50 Cassini Huygens spacecraft 50 gravitationally lensed 50 HIRES spectrometer 50 Pluto Charon 50 APEX telescope 50 Surveys ACS 50 lunar regolith 50 airborne LIDAR 50 Raman spectra 50 Trifid Nebula 50 OGLE 50 ESA Rosetta 50 SESE 50 electron microprobe 50 jarosite 50 spectral bands 50 Volatile Evolution 50 Moderate Resolution 50 Spectrometry 50 LRO 50 HUDF# 50 IKONOS 50 NASA Mars Orbiter 50 THEMIS mission 50 Quickbird 50 SIRTF 50 Meridiani Planum 50 planets orbiting 50 X ray crystallography 50 Mini Thermal Emission 50 multispectral imaging 50 Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS instrument 50 Stardust comet 50 interstellar dust grains 50 constellation Carina 50 infrared spectrograph 50 energy dispersive x 50 scanning tunneling microscope STM 50 journal Meteoritics 50 Richard Mushotzky 50 transiting exoplanets 50 planets circling 50 radiometrics 50 Cassini Imaging 50 Global Surveyor 50 GOCE 50 Jenniskens 50 AB Aurigae 50 NEAs 50 Photoacoustic 50 ground truthing 50 Lunar Prospector 50 optical spectra 50 Spectroscopic 50 permanently shadowed craters 50 Space Telescope 50 radiometry 50 gamma ray spectrometry 50 interstellar boundary 50 UA Lunar 50 spectral radiance 50 paleoclimate records 50 Magnetospheric 50 Steward Observatory 50 MMT Observatory 50 beamline #.#.# 50 HARPS instrument 50 rover Opportunity 50 isotopic ratios 50 NASA Opportunity rover 50 astrometry 50 Jean Pierre Bibring 50 Envisat satellites 50 dimensional atlas 50 Opportunity rover 50 spatial resolution 50 geomorphological 50 Instrument OMI 50 Lunine 50 Hinode 50 radiometric 50 Saturnian moons 50 Solar Radiation 50 RXTE 50 Interferometer 50 Mars Pathfinder 50 Hubble Space Telescope 50 Martian craters 50 elemental composition 50 CHARA 49 2MASS 49 SECCHI 49 WFPC2 49 imager 49 VIRTIS instrument 49 NASA twin rovers 49 lander 49 Cosmic Microwave Background 49 Imke de 49 X ray observatory 49 photon counting 49 QuickBird 49 Mars orbiter 49 Reflection Radiometer ASTER 49 Jennifer Heldmann 49 MINOS 49 ESO telescope 49 Maria Zuber 49 Venusian surface 49 airborne radiometrics 49 planetary missions 49 Itokawa 49 multiwavelength 49 ExoMars rover 49 Cryospheric Sciences Branch 49 HD#b 49 GLAST 49 mass spectrometer 49 ESO astronomer 49 Observatory STEREO 49 IBEX spacecraft 49 Mojzsis 49 distant quasar 49 RHESSI 49 Keck telescopes 49 scanning tunneling microscopy STM 49 x ray fluorescence 49 planetary scientist 49 geochemical 49 Explorer GALEX 49 anomalous radiometric 49 distant galaxies 49 airborne radiometric 49 photometry 49 infrared spectroscopy 49 accelerator mass spectrometry 49 sediments deposited 49 geochronology 49 transiting planets 49 transmission electron microscope 49 NASA Stratospheric Observatory 49 Exoplanet 49 IODP 49 spacecraft flyby 49 Earth orbiting satellites 49 airborne magnetics 49 Light Detection 49 panchromatic imagery 49 comet Hartley 2 49 SAXS 49 diffraction patterns 49 ST5 49 Landsat images 49 ultraviolet wavelengths 49 Near Infrared 49 Chandra X ray 49 comet nuclei 49 AIRS instrument 49 lunar surface 49 isotopic composition 49 binary asteroid 49 NASA Kepler spacecraft 49 permanently shadowed regions 49 GigaGalaxy Zoom 49 Doppler measurements 49 Origins Spectral Interpretation 49 Paranal Chile 49 AMIE 49 LASP 49 Cryosat 49 TRMM satellite 49 MicroFUN 49 Enceladus 49 Comet Hartley 2 49 Magnetic resonance 49 AU Mic 49 ENVISAT 49 Spectroradiometer MODIS 49 Martian equator 49 orthorectified 49 CReSIS 49 SIM PlanetQuest 49 KIPAC 49 termite mound sampling 49 gamma ray observatories 49 Mars northern latitudes 49 mantle plumes 49 GRAIL 49 planet Gliese #g 49 stereographic 49 coronagraph 49 Antarctica EPICA 49 Proba 2 49 orbiting Hubble Space Telescope 49 Bramley Murton 49 Analyzer TEGA 49 Kuiper Belt Objects 49 NIRSpec 49 Mars Surveyor 49 DEPTHX 49 HRTEM 49 SSRL 49 Ranging LIDAR 49 Hubble Telescope 49 spectral imaging 49 Beta Pictoris b 49 HD #b [002] 49 Space Physics 49 aeromagnetic 49 Great Observatories Origins 49 #:# scale 49 Hyperspectral 49 martian 49 Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS 49 Nili Fossae 49 stream sediment geochemical 49 radar altimeters 49 Index NDVI 49 moon Mab 49 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 49 Io Europa 49 Climate Sounder 49 Observatory NOAO 49 KIMs 49 Confocal 49 absorption spectra 49 SDSS 49 Epoxi 49 KODAK CCD Image Sensors 49 NASA MErcury Surface 49 Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS 49 Mars Pathfinder lander 49 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy 49 NASA Planetary 49 Hakan Svedhem 49 submillimeter 49 neutron detector 49 Carle Pieters 49 Infrared Mapping Spectrometer VIMS 49 airborne hyperspectral 49 VIMS 49 NSSTC 49 Hubble 49 infrared imager 49 moon Titan 49 biosignatures 49 Clementine spacecraft 49 martian soil 49 Mars Odyssey 49 COROT 7b 49 mass spectrometry MS 49 Astrophysical 49 Olympus Mons 49 NASA Voyager spacecraft 49 radar interferometry 49 Cancri e 49 Saturn Enceladus 49 Submillimeter 49 Investigation DIXI 49 planetary surfaces 49 exo planet 49 Extragalactic 48 mesosphere 48 emission spectroscopy 48 gaseous planet 48 MODIS instrument 48 Landsat 48 Cygnus Lyra region 48 radial velocity measurements 48 Panoramic Camera 48 UCO Lick 48 synthetic aperture 48 orbiting Hubble telescope 48 NASA Aqua 48 sedimentary deposits 48 exoplanets 48 NASA rovers Spirit 48 Observatory LIGO 48 Mars 48 spectroscopy 48 optical spectroscopy 48 hexagonal mirrors 48 airborne magnetometer 48 Extrasolar Planet Search 48 Martian rovers 48 infrared observatory 48 Son Nghiem 48 HiRise camera 48 visible wavelengths 48 Gaetano Di Achille 48 ASAR 48 faint galaxies 48 BepiColombo 48 Tod Strohmayer 48 geodynamic 48 Virgo Cluster 48 optical interferometry 48 astronomers 48 Louis Stodieck 48 NASA Atmospheric Infrared 48 AeroMetric 48 Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph UVIS 48 comet nucleus 48 chondritic meteorites 48 Resolution Imaging Spectrometer 48 rocky planets 48 Mars Squyres 48 Spitzer infrared spectrograph 48 Jeffrey Kargel 48 NASA Mars Odyssey 48 Martian crater 48 fluorescence microscope 48 BLG #Lb 48 multielement 48 Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture 48 Nikku Madhusudhan 48 Martian meteorite 48 satellite imagery aerial 48 magma ocean 48 bedrock outcrops 48 Mary Voytek 48 Nilton Renno 48 ferric oxides 48 SDSS telescope 48 interferograms 48 Jay Melosh 48 EarthCARE 48 Southern Observatory ESO 48 stellar occultations 48 Energy Dispersive X ray 48 Cosmic Origins Spectrograph COS 48 interferometer 48 Webb Telescope 48 polar layered 48 gravitational microlensing 48 Bruce Jakosky 48 electrospray ionization 48 ASTER 48 Astrosat 48 Banerdt 48 NSBRI 48 Jupiter Ganymede 48 robotic lander 48 seafloor sediment 48 Ocean Salinity 48 carbonaceous chondrites 48 submillimetre 48 lunar orbiters 48 Burst Alert 48 Shepherding Spacecraft 48 Opportunity Mars rover 48 CfA 48 GOES satellites 48 DMCii 48 geophysical geochemical 48 telescopes 48 ultrashort pulses 48 Mars Atmosphere 48 STEREO spacecraft 48 MOLA 48 NASA ESA Hubble 48 satellite altimetry 48 asteroid Steins 48 VISTA telescope 48 Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph 48 cometary 48 NASA GSFC 48 hyperspectral imaging 48 LOFAR 48 Boston Micromachines 48 martian landscape 48 flyby Cassini 48 Ranging MESSENGER spacecraft 48 Saturn moons 48 microwave radiometer 48 Confocal microscopy 48 aboard Envisat 48 Sinus Meridiani 48 Hinode spacecraft 48 Mars Phobos 48 D CIXS 48 SPIRE 48 Stardust spacecraft 48 cometary dust 48 infrared spectrometry 48 Lunar Exploration 48 mass spectrometry 48 orbited Jupiter 48 subsurface geology 48 Track Scanning Radiometer 48 metabolomic 48 Orbiter spacecraft 48 XMM Newton X ray 48 Mineralogical 48 IKONOS imagery 48 Microlensing Observations 48 geologic 48 Space ENvironment GEochemistry 48 Igor Chekalin 48 Institut d' Astrophysique de 48 Herschel Space 48 infrared 48 EarthScope 48 abyssal plains 48 regolith 48 Mars Odyssey orbiter 48 Scanning Electron Microscope SEM 48 Solar Dynamics Observatory 48 Carnegie Institution Geophysical 48 photon fluorescence 48 orbiting Saturn 48 Photometric Imaging Receiver 48 galaxy cluster 48 Krimigis 48 polar orbiting satellites 48 Environmental Satellite POES 48 Kitt Peak 48 VTEM airborne survey 48 Mercury magnetosphere 48 concretions 48 laser spectroscopy 48 Bonnie Buratti 48 flyby 48 De Pontieu 48 Jakosky 48 Jet Propulsion Laboratory 48 aeromagnetic data 48 moon Europa 48 Mars Odyssey Orbiter 48 planetary geologists 48 arcminutes 48 crustal thickness 48 journal Icarus